.:.انجمن عمران گلستان.:. www.gcivilg.com

 Email: Bengt (at) Fellenius (dot) net

1905 Alexander Street SE
Calgary, Alberta
Canada   T2G 4J3

286 The Red Book_Basics of Foundation Design-UPGRADED.pdf - 4.5 MB
A foundation design text book addressing settlement analysis, piled foundations, footings, retaining walls, and vertical drain projects, supplementing conventional more comprehensive geotechnical textbooks.

284 Past, Present, and Future - 160 Kb
Brief comments on load-movement response of footings to load with application to pile analysis

283 Pile loading tests at Golden Ears Bridge Vancouver- 460 Kb
Results and analysis of static loading tests and CPTU soundings at the Golden Ears Bridge in Vancouver, Canada

282 Comments on the current and future use of pile dynamic testing - 345 Kb
Keynote Lecture to the 8th International Conference on the Application of Stress Wave Theory to Piles, Lisbon September 2008.

281 Puerto Rico Case History.pdf - 345 Kb
Using dynamic pile testing to overcome surprising soil variations.

279 San Jacinto Monument Discussion - 220 Kb
Analysis of 70 years of settlement of the San Jacinto Monument put into context of general subsidence due to pumping for water and oil.

278 Ground vibrations induced by impact pile driving - 1420 Kb
Discussion on the effect of vibrations from pile diriving with guidelines for establishing limiting vibration levels. A theoretical concept is presented for calculation of attenuation of spherical and surface waves and of cylindrical waves generated at the pile toe and the pile shaft, respectively.

277 Bored Piles Tests Analysis.pdf - 264 Kb
Discussion on the evaluation of test data in a paper reporting full-scale bi-directional tests on bored piles installed for the Bangkok International Airport, Thailand.

276 & 285 Axial response to seismic induced liquefaction - 315 Kb
Brief discussion on the effect of liquefaction on the axial response of piles with comments on code approaches.

274 Clarification of Confusion.pdf - 72 Kb
A critical comment on the EuroCode treatment of design for drag load. The code’s erroneous, very expensive, and yet unsafe approach is exposed by reference to the example presented in the code commentary.

273 & 275 Discussion on two papers.pdf - 1.3 MB
Discussion on two papers reporting a test on jacked H-piles bringing up aspects of proper evaluation of unit shaft resistance from strain gage determined load distribution and omitted values of residual loads.

272 Unitest for Excel.zip - 29 Kb
An Excel spread sheet prepared for entering load-movement from a static loading test and calculating the Davisson Offset Limit, and the Hansen and Decourt Extrapolated pile capacities with graphics. Needs to be used in reference to the “Red Book”, Paper #271.

270 Effective Stress Analysis - Schmertmann Volume ASCE.pdf - 0.3 MB
A series of histories on evaluation of pile capcity from effective stress analysis and a discussion on aging of pile capacity.

268 Analysis of piles in a residual soil - The ISC'2 prediction.pdf - 1.6 MB
Article in the Canadian Geotechnical Journal reporting the results from a prediction seminar in Portugal 2004 with analysis of the soil data and static and dynamic test results.

266 Deep vibratory compaction of granular soils.pdf -1.6 MB
Aspect of planning, design, and execution of deep vibratory compaction of natural and man-made fills are presented. Features of purpose-built types of compaction probes are described and the most important factors governing the compaction process are presented, such as vibration frequency - an important parameter as it influences probe penetration - and can enhance compaction by means of resonance effects during the compaction phase.

265 Drag load and downdrag -- Old and New.pdf – 1.2 MB
A compilation of the findings presented in several full-scale studies of drag load and downdrag since the mid 1960s, including some results not before published and reanalysis of the data.

263 Boundary Discussion.pdf – 235 Kb
Discussing the effect of boundary conditions (distance to container side) on results of centrifuge tests in a 550 mm diameter container.

259 Sandpoint - DFI.pdf – 690 Kb
A presentation of a highway project involving piled foundations over a 200 m thick deposit of soft clay with comments on the subsequent bridge and embankment design.

258 Fellenius Unified Design-Goble volume.pdf
A synthesis of the design for piles—piled foundations and pile drafts— with regard to capacity, drag load, settlement, and downdrag. Results of several full-scale field tests are included.

257 Orlando Prediction.pdf - 781 Kb
A presentation and discussion of the predicted and the actual pile response to driving and static loading test for the GeoInstitute Orlando Prediction event February 2002.

255 Sandpoint CGJ.pdf - 1159 Kb
Detail results of a static loading test on a 45 m long instrumented pipe pile driven into a thick deposit of soft clay. Measured distributions of residual load and soil resistance are compared to distribution determined from CPTU sounding.

253 PDCA-Specs Article - 95 Kb
Article with comments on examples of specifications used for piling contracts.

252 Background to UniCone.pdf - 876 Kb
Background information

251 UniCone Manual.pdf - 2560 Kb
Installation and usage of the UniCone software

248 Pile Group Settlement.pdf - 186 Kb
A back calculation of a case history reporting twelve years of settlement observations of a piled foundation, demonstrating how the settlement can be calculated applying conventional compressibility parameters and stress distribution.

243 Loading Test Discussion - 829 Kb
ASCE Journal discussion on analysis of the results of static loading tests on piles in sand.

242 & 246 Residual Load Analysis.pdf - 310 Kb
A two-part article published in Geotechnical News Magazine. The first part presents aspects of evaluation of strain-gages in instrumented piles with notes on Shift-of-No-Load-Reading and influence of Residual Loads. The second part describes in detail and with examples how analyze the test data and determine the magnitude and distribution of residual load and true resistance.

241 O-Cell presentation - 150 Kb
The main features of the Osterberg O-Cell are presented and the advantages of the O-Cell test over a conventional routine static loading test are explained with reference to three case histories.

238 True Distribution of Load in Piles - 276 Kb
Paper to the ASCE GeoInstitute Conference February 2002. Tests on piles-driven or bored-sometimes include instrumentation for determining the load distribution. Most of the time, the measurements are analyzed from the assumption that the "zero readings", which are the readings taken at "zero" time, i.e. at the outset of the test, also have registered "zero" load. This assumption is more than a little off. It neglects the existence of locked-in loads-residual load-in the pile and is one of the sources of the myth of the so-called "critical depth" and neglecting residual load negates the primary objective of instrumenting a test pile.  Examples are given on measured distributions of residual load and evaluated corrected (true) resistance.

237 Six Case Histories on Pile Dynamics Preprint.pdf
Using the PDA to analyze soil plug in pipe piles, load-movement in CAPWAP and in static loading test, set-up and effect of excavation.

236 Where to Plot the Average - 129 Kb
An article from Geotechnical News Magazine on where to plot the value of average strain determined from telltale measurements.

234 Downdrag Discussion - 131 Kb
Asian Journal Discussion on the analysis of dragload and downdrag on piles and comparison of two approaches to the calculation of downdrag (settlement).

233 Strain to Load - 212 Kb
An article from Geotechnical News Magazine on how to determine load in an instrumented pile from strain values when the elastic modulus of the pile material is not a constant but a function of the imposed load.

232 Discussion on O'Neill - 913 Kb
ASCE Journal Discussion on the relevance of assuming different shaft resistance in pull as in push (resistance in tension versus in compression) with reference to analysis of case histories.

231 Vibratory Compaction - 412 Kb
Canadian Geotechnical Journal paper on a case history about a 10 m thick sand fill compacted using vibratory compaction.  Soil conditions were determined using cone penetration tests before and at two and seven days after compaction.  The results show significant increase of cone stress, which demonstrates decrease in compressibility (increase of modulus number).  The results of settlement calculations based on the Janbu method demonstrates the importance of taking the preconsolidation effect into account in the analyses.

230 & 240 Analysis of Pile Capacity-DFI - 339 Kb
Two articles published in DFI Fulcrum on determining bearing capacity in a static loading test and how to use the capacity value in the design of piles.

229 Compressibility&ModulusNumber.xls - 102 Kb
Determining compressibility parameters (C-c, CR, and Janbu Modulus Number, m) from oedometer tests. An EXCEL spreadsheet template that is particularly useful to Users of the UniPile and UniSettle programs.

228 Loading Test on Three Bored Piles-Discussion.pdf
Discussion on the evaluation of static loading tests on three piles as presented in an ASCE paper. With emphasis on the analysis of residual load.

227 Statnamic Test on Three Bored Piles-Discussion.pdf - 262 Kb
Discussion on Statnamic tests on three piles as presented in an ASCE paper. With presentation of the principle of determining capacity from Statnamic test results.

226 The O-Cell.pdf - 567 Kb
An introduction to the Osterberg Cell with principles of evaluation of residual load and soil response from O-cell test data.

223 Pile Analysis Survey - 97 Kb
A paper presented at the DFI Annual Meeting, October 1999, Dearborn, Michigan.

219 Delusion of Bearing Capacity - 471 Kb
A paper presented at the DFI Annual Meeting, October 1999, Dearborn, Michigan

218 On writing a Piling Paper-DFI - 256 Kb
A guide and recommendations for writing a manuscript on piling.

215 Using the Pile Driving Analyzer.pdf – 107 Kb>
Comments on the use of the Pile Driving Analyzer presented to the Pile Driving Contractor Association, PDCA, Annual Meeting, San Diego, February 1999

213 Go SI - 82 Kb
Lecture notes advocating the use of the SI-system.

212 The terzaghi unit - Discussion.pdf - 98 Kb
A tongue-in-cheek discussion on a proposal for adopting the unit "terzaghi" to be the unit for the Coefficient of Consolidation, cv, now expressed in m²/s

211 Dragload-Downdrag-Settlement - 881 Kb
The basics of the Fellenius Unified Pile Design of Capacity, Negative Skin Friction (Dragload and Downdrag), and Settlement. The approach is applied to a case study involving 100 ft to 190 ft long piles and is also a demonstration of the use of UniPile in an engineering project. Paper presented to a New York ASCE seminar in April 1998. The paper quotes several important case histories from the literature.

210 Use of Bitumen-Discussion.pdf- 48 Kb
Selecting of bitumen reduce shaft shear and comments on how to determine the need for such reduction

206 Dragload-Downdrag Discussion.pdf - 24 Kb
Asian Journal Discussion on the design for dragload and downdrag (settlement) on piles with recommendation summary.

204 Tapered Piles in Sand - 552 Kb
Soil set-up, variable concrete modulus, and residual load for tapered instrumented piles in sand. An ASCE conference paper presenting a case history of testing and analysis of strain-gage instrumented Monotube steel pipe piles with method for the evaluation of non-constant concrete modulus and the effect of residual load.

203 O-Cell Barrette in Manila.pdf – 1,235 Kb
Analysis of data from Osterberg Cell testing of a 28 m deep barrette in Manila, Philippines, with application of the results to the foundation design of a 28-storey residential building.

202 Soil Profile from CPT - 631 Kb
Soil profile interpreted from CPTu data. A paper presenting soil profiling methods using the Cone Penetrometer, CPT and CPTu.

201 Pile Capacity from CPT - 1,300 Kb
The cone penetrometer test, CPT and CPTu, and its use for determining pile capacity. Several methods employed in current engineering practice are discussed, compared, and applied to a series of case histories. Canadian Geotechnical Journal article.

195 Reflections on Pile Dynamics.pdf – 190 Kb
Keynote paper to the Fifth International Conference on the Application of Stress-wave Measurements.

190 Pipeline Soil Interaction.pdf – 1,230 Kb
Finite element modeling of lateral pipeline-soil interaction.

184 Conception of Statnamic.pdf – 79 Kb
The start of the Statnamic test. A presentation to the First International Conference on the Statnamic Method.

183 Toe Damage.pdf – 486 Kb
A case record of damage to pipe piles driven into bedrock. The paper includes wave traces of damaged and undamaged piles as well as PDA records diagrams from the piles

176 UniPhase Manual.pdf - 153 Kb

176 UniPhase.zip - 659 Kb

171 Critical Depth - 434 Kb
A paper entitled "Critical depth. How it came into being and why it does not exist." Explanation of the critical depth concept and why it is a fallacy. ICE Geotechnical Journal article.

165 The Start of the DFI.pdf – 8 Kb
Looking back on the start of the DFI - When, why,and who.

162 Footings in sand.pdf – 490 Kb
Critique on the current practice of calculating settlement for footings, in particular when the calculation is based on relative density and extrapolation from model tests. The presentation brings forward scaling rules and emphasizes the importance of the critical state approach.

160 FastFoundation Disc.pdf – 7 Kb
A discussion on a case history for a large project with critical views on the of design of piled foundations.

158 Piles at Rainy River.pdf – 960 Kb
A case history of driving piles against sloping bedrock.

155 Molikpaq.pdf – 1,015 Kb
Rules of physical modeling and their application to a full-scale case history.

153 Physical Modeling.pdf - 786 Kb
Explanation of how steady-state soil mechanics can explain the difference between observations of foundation behavior in full-scale as opposed to laboratory model scale with reference to why relative density is not a useful soil parameter. Canadian Geotechnical Journal article.

148 Piles in Sand-Iraq III.pdf
Analysis of tests on piles in sand - The fallacy of the "Critical Depth" concept.

147 Comparison of static and dynamic results.pdf - 0.9 MB
A case history describing the testing programme for Alsea Bay Bridge, Oregon involving drivability and capacity studies using static and dynamic methods on a 500-mm diameter 40 m long spliced prestressed concrete pile driven to bedrock.

146 Prestressed concrete splice problems.pdf - 1.5 MB
A case history of problems with mechanical splices of prestressed concrete piles and its resolution.

145 Dynamic and static in fine-grained soil.pdf - 1.5 MB
Paper describing a case history of a dynamic a static testing programme employed to control and optimize the installation of 300 driven pipe piles for a sewage treatment plant.

140 Piles in Sand Iraq-II.pdf
Analysis of tests on piles in sand - Numerical analysis.

139 Piles in Sand Iraq-I.pdf – 850 Kb
Analysis of tests on piles in sand - Analysis of load-transfer and residual load from instrumentation data

135 Influence of Residual Load.pdf– 131 Kb
Discussion on the load distribution results of the Evanston Prediction with regard to the presence of residual load in the instrumented piles. Predicted pile response vs. actual response.

134 Choosing Failure Load.pdf– 136 Kb
Discussion on what failure load to use for reference to the results of the actual static loading tests and the predicted load-movement curves for the Evanston Prediction

132 Static vs. Dynamic.pdf – 294 Kb
Static test or Dynamic test - Which to trust? A case history.

131 Mobilized Capacity.pdf – 26 Kb
Comments on pile capacity and limitations of dynamic analysis and how to overcome them.

130 Special Projects Only.pdf – 203 Kb
Three case histories where dynamic testing and analysis made a difference.

129 Laments.pdf – 340 Kb
Laments of ignorant and costly foundation design.

120 Dynamic and Static Capacity plus set-up.pdf - 1.7 MB
Steel piles driven through estuarine deposited soils and into a variable glacial deposit to depths of 33 through 48 metre and subjected to dynamic monitoring during initial driving and restriking. Results from CAPWAP analysis and static loading tests are compared.

119 Evanston Prediction 1989.pdf – 148 Kb
As submitted prediction of capacity of a 18-inch diameter 50 ft long pipe pile driven in sand and clay — "The Northwestern University, Evanston, prediction event".

112-TRB1169 The Unified Method.pdf – 1,379 Kb
More on the Unified Design of piles for dragload, downdrag, and settlement.

110 Variation of capacity within a group.pdf - 598 Kb
Results of dynamic and static testing of single piles within a pile group with emphasis on variation of capacity between the piles

103 A Moose Hunt.pdf
A case history of a comedy of mistakes.

101 Body FHWA 1986 prediction.pdf - 132 Kb
A reformatted copy of a prediction submitted for the FHWA event in Washington 1986, with a few data from the actual field test.

096 Ignorance is bliss.pdf - 4.8 MB
The need for including a load cell in a static loading test.

095 Singapore_1984.pdf
Proposed rules for design of piles for dragload, downdrag, and negative skin friction.

092 Fish Hook.pdf
A case history of driving a pile so that it came up to impact an automobile parked nearby.

091 WEAP DFI Journal.pdf - 238 kB
Article in the first issue of Deep Foundations Institute Journal Spring 1984

084 Port of Seattle Case History.pdf
A case history of monitoring pore pressures and soil movements during the construction of a dock supported on piles.

081 PDA & Damage-II.pdf
Discovering pile damage by means of the PDA.

076 Gr.Engng. Analysis of Loading Tests.pdf - 3.7 MB
Copy of article in Ground Engineering 1980: The analysis of Routine Pile Loading Tests.

074 PDA & Damage.pdf
Discovering pile damage by means of the PDA.

073 CAPWAP Quake.pdf - 379 Kb
1980 paper showing that CAPWAP quakes can be much larger than 2.5 mm.

070 Composite Concrete Piles.pdf - 14 Kb
The rule for cross-section area-ratio of composite piles.

069 Center Pipes.pdf- 88 Kb
Use of center pipe and special probe to inspect for bending.

066 Bitumen-coated piles-Discussion.pdf - 240 Kb
Discussion on results of laboratory testing of bitumen subjected to slow shear strain rates.

064 Bellow Hose.pdf - 349 Kb
Multipoint device for measuring settlement and heave.

056 Terrestrial.pdf- 404 Kb
Use of photogrammetry to measure pile movements.

053 Soil Disturbance 2.pdf - 1,170 Kb
Study of disturbance to sensitive clay from driving a large pile group.

045 Soil Disturbance 1.pdf - 1,580 Kb
Study of disturbance to sensitive clay from driving a small pile group.

035 Bitumen Slip Layer-Discussion.pdf - 166 Kb
Discussion on what constitutes need for reduction of shaft shear (negative skin friction) and choice of thickness of bitumen.

034 The Svarta Slide.pdf - 730 Kb
A case history of a landslide triggered by pile driving and remediation work using wick drains to release pore pressures. The Discussion of the paper deals with presentation of the pore pressure measurements and how to plot in order to show the benefits of the wick drains.

030 Bنckebol.pdf - 875 Kb
Test arrangement and long-term measurements of dragload on two precast concrete pile in clay.

029 Buckling of Piles.pdf - 424 Kb
A case history of excavation and documentation of piles that have been displaced and broken due to soil movements.

025 Inclinometer.pdf - 468 Kb
Use of inclinometer for determining pile bending.

007 Pile Force Gage.pdf - 378 Kb
Presentation of a pile force gage for measuring axial and bending forces in a pile